Before attempting to fix a motorcycle carburetor problem, it is very important to come up with the correct diagnosis.
Carburetors are relatively simple devices. Their primary function is to deliver the correct amount of fuel/air mixture at a given throttle opening (as selected by the rider). However, as with all mechanical devices, carburetors will wear over time and will also require periodic tuning and service.
Hesitation is a classic symptom of a lean fuel mixture (too much air, not enough fuel) and can be caused by a dirty or misadjusted carburetor, or one with a weak accelerator pump or worn throttle shafts. Rebuilding or replacing the carburetor may be necessary.
The accelerator pump squirts and extra dose of fuel into the throat of the carburetor when the throttle opens. This helps offset the extra gulp of air that is sucked in until fuel flow through the metering circuits can catch up to the change in air velocity through the venturi (the narrow part of the carburetor throat). The accelerator pump may use a rubber diaphragm or a rubber cup on a piston to pump fuel through its discharge nozzles. If the diaphragm is torn or the piston piston seal is worn, the accelerator pump may not deliver it's normal dose of fuel. Or, if the discharge nozzles are plugged with dirt or fuel varnish deposits, it can restrict fuel flow.
The operation of the accelerator pump can be checked by removing the air filter, looking down into the carburetor, and pumping the throttle. You should see a jet of fuel squirt into each of the front venturis (barrels) of the carburetor. If no fuel squirts out, or the stream is very weak, or only one of the two discharge nozzles on a two-barrel or four-barrel carburetor are working, the accelerator pump circuit has a problem.
Fuel usually enters the accelerator pump past a one-way steel check ball. The ball lets fuel in, but is pushed back against its seat by pressure inside the pump when the throttle opens. If this check ball is stuck open, it acts like a pressure leak and prevents the accelerator pump from squirting fuel through the discharge nozzles. If the check ball is stuck shut, it will prevent fuel from entering the pump and there will be no fuel to pump through the discharge nozzles.
If the carburetor jets are coated with fuel varnish deposits, or there is dirt inside the fuel bowl, this can restrict the flow of fuel causing a lean condition. Cleaning the carburetor with carburetor cleaner can get rid of the dirt and varnish deposits to restore normal operation.
Carburetors are relatively simple devices. Their primary function is to deliver the correct amount of fuel/air mixture at a given throttle opening (as selected by the rider). However, as with all mechanical devices, carburetors will wear over time and will also require periodic tuning and service.
Hesitation is a classic symptom of a lean fuel mixture (too much air, not enough fuel) and can be caused by a dirty or misadjusted carburetor, or one with a weak accelerator pump or worn throttle shafts. Rebuilding or replacing the carburetor may be necessary.
The accelerator pump squirts and extra dose of fuel into the throat of the carburetor when the throttle opens. This helps offset the extra gulp of air that is sucked in until fuel flow through the metering circuits can catch up to the change in air velocity through the venturi (the narrow part of the carburetor throat). The accelerator pump may use a rubber diaphragm or a rubber cup on a piston to pump fuel through its discharge nozzles. If the diaphragm is torn or the piston piston seal is worn, the accelerator pump may not deliver it's normal dose of fuel. Or, if the discharge nozzles are plugged with dirt or fuel varnish deposits, it can restrict fuel flow.
The operation of the accelerator pump can be checked by removing the air filter, looking down into the carburetor, and pumping the throttle. You should see a jet of fuel squirt into each of the front venturis (barrels) of the carburetor. If no fuel squirts out, or the stream is very weak, or only one of the two discharge nozzles on a two-barrel or four-barrel carburetor are working, the accelerator pump circuit has a problem.
Fuel usually enters the accelerator pump past a one-way steel check ball. The ball lets fuel in, but is pushed back against its seat by pressure inside the pump when the throttle opens. If this check ball is stuck open, it acts like a pressure leak and prevents the accelerator pump from squirting fuel through the discharge nozzles. If the check ball is stuck shut, it will prevent fuel from entering the pump and there will be no fuel to pump through the discharge nozzles.
If the carburetor jets are coated with fuel varnish deposits, or there is dirt inside the fuel bowl, this can restrict the flow of fuel causing a lean condition. Cleaning the carburetor with carburetor cleaner can get rid of the dirt and varnish deposits to restore normal operation.
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